शब्द [शब्द्-घञ्]
1 Sound (the object of the sense of hearing and property of आकाश); अथात्मनः शब्द- गुणं गुणजः पदं विमानेन विगाहमानः R. 13. 1.
2 Sound, note (of birds; men &c.), noise in general; विश्वासो- पगमादभिन्नगतयः शब्दं सहंते मृगाः Ś. 1. 14; Bg. 1. 13; Ś. 3. 1; Ms. 4. 31; Ku. 1. 45.
3 The sound of a musical instrument; वाद्यशब्दः Pt. 2; Ku. 1. 45.
4 A word, sound, significant word (for def. &c. see Mbh. introduction); एकः शब्दः सम्यगधीतः सम्यक् प्रयुक्तः स्वर्गे लोके कामधुग्भवति; so शब्दार्थौ.
5 A declinable word, a noun, substantive.
6 A title, an epithet; यस्यार्थयुक्तं गिरिराजशब्दं कु- र्वंति ब लव्यजनैश्चमर्यः Ku. 1. 13; Ś. 2. 14; नृपेण चक्रे युवराजशब्दभाक् R. 3. 35, 2. 53, 64, 3. 49, 5. 22; 18. 42; V. 1. 1.
7 The name, mere-name; as in शब्दपति q. v.
8 Verbal autho rity (regarded by the Naiyāyikas as a Pramāṇa).
9 Grammar.
−Comp.
−अतीत a. beyond the power or reach of words, indescribable.
−अधिष्ठानं the ear.
−अध्याहारः supplying a word (to complete an ellipsis).
−अनुरूप a. proportionate or corresponding to the sound; श- बदानुरूपेण पाक्रमेण भवितव्यं Pt. 1.
−अनुशासनं the science of words; i. e. grammar.
−अर्थः the meaning of a word.
−र्थौ dual) a word and its meaning; अदोषौ शब्दार्थौ K. P. 1.
−अलंकारः a figure of speech depending for its charmingness on sound or words and disappearing as soon as the words which constitute the figure are replaced by others of the same meaning (opp अर्थालंकार); e. g. see K. P. 9
−आखयय a. to be communicated in words; Me. 103. (
−यं) an oral or verbal communication.
−आडबरः bombast, verbosity, high-sounding or grandiloquent words.
−आदि a. beginning with शब्द (as the objects of sense); R. 10. 25.
−कार a. sounding sonorous.
−कोशः a lexicon, dictionary.
−गत a. inherent or residing in a word.
−गुण a. having sound for its quality; R. 13. 1.
−ग्रहः
1 catching the sound.
2 the ear.
−ग्रामः the range or reach of sound.
−चातुर्यं cleverness of style, eloquence.
−चित्रं one of the two subdivisions of the last (अवर or अधम) class of poetry (wherein the charm lies in the use of words which please the ear simply by their sound; see the example given under the word चित्र).
−चोरः 'a word-thief,’ a plagiarist.
−तन्मात्रं the subtle element of sound.
−पतिः a lord in name only, nominal lord; ननु शब्दपतिः क्षितेरहं त्वायि मे भावनिबं- धना रतिः R. 8. 52.
−पातिन् a. hitting an invisible mark the sound of which is only heard, tracing a sound; शब्दपातिनमिषुं विससर्ज R. 9. 73.
−प्रमाणं verbal or oral evidence.
−बोधः knowledge derived from verbal testimony.
−ब्रह्मन् n. 1. the Vedas. −2. spiritual knowledge consisting in words, knowledge of the Supreme Spirit or the Spirit itself; शब्दब्रह्मणस्तादृशं विवर्तमितिहासं U. 2, 7. 20. −3. a property of words called स्फोट q. v.
−भेदिन् a. hitting a mark merely by its sound. (−m.) 1. an epithet of Arjuna.
2 the anus. −3. a kind of arrow.
−योमिः f. a root, radical word. −विद्या, शास्त्रं the science of words; i. e. grammar; अनंतपारं किल शब्दशास्त्रं Pt. 1; Śi. 2. 112; 14. 24.
−विरोधः opposition of words (in a sentence).
−विशेषः a variety of sound. −विशे- षणं (in gram.) an adjective, adjectival word.
−वृत्तिः f. the function of a word (in Rhet.).
−वेधिन् a. hitting an invisible mark the sound of which is only heard; see शब्दपातिन्. (−m) 1. a kind of arrow. −2. an archer. −3. a warrior who pierces his enemies by mere sounds. −4. an epithet of king Daśaratha. −5. an epithet of Arjuna.
−शक्तिः f. the force or expressive power of a word; signification of a word; see शक्ति.
−शासनं 1. a rule of grammar. −2. the science of grammar.
−शुद्धिः f. 1. purity of words. −2. the correct use of words.
−श्लेषः a play or pun upon words, a verbal equivoque; (it differs from अर्थश्लेष in-as-much as the pun disappears as soon as the words which constitute it are replaced by others of the same signification, whereas in अर्थश्लष the pun remains unchanged; शब्दपरि वृत्तिसहत्वमर्थश्र्लेषः) −संग्रहः a vocabulary, lexicon.
−सौष्ठवं elegance of words, a graceful or elegant style.
−सौकर्यं ease of expression.